Reconstructed Proto-Yigó words
Numbers
| Old Yéshvwae | Krenu | Azaryura-Geruriza (Азарюра-Геруриза) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| *sy₁unēgy₁a; "one" | shunēj /ʃune:ʝ/ | siunige /sjunige/ > /ʃunijɛ/ | sunyega (сунега) /sunjega/ |
| *zy₁osw₁ay₃ae; "two" | zhofyeh /ʒoɸjə/ | ziosue /zjoswe/ > /ʒɔzwɛ/ | zosaja (зосажа) /zosaʝa/ |
| *nw₁āny₁irtʰ; "three" | mangiltʰ /maŋiltʰ/ | nunirt /nuniɾt/ > /nuniɾt/ | nyanirth (нянирþ) /njaniɾθ/ |
| *nolâegy₁e; "four" | nolāeje /nolæ:ʝe/ | nolegi /nolegi/ > /nɔlɛji/ | nolyage (нолягэ) /noljage/ |
| *gy₁ūzw₁a; "five" | jūv /ʝu:β/ | giuzo /gjuzo/ > /juzɔ/ | gyuza (гюза) /gjuza/ |
| *zy₁iny₂âe; "ten" | zhinyāe /ʒinjæ:/ | zini /zini/ > /ʒini/ | zinya (зиня) /zinja/ |
Pronouns and Important Morphemes
| Old Yéshvwae | Krenu | Azaryura-Geruriza (Азарюра-Геруриза) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| *enw₁a; "I/me" | em /em/ | eno /eno/ > /ɛnɔ/ | эна (ena) /ena/ |
| *w₂iky₁ae; "you" | wiceh /wiçə/ | uike /wike/ > /wije/ | вика (vika) /βika/ |
| *ny₁āez; "he/him, she/her, they/them, it" (i.e. any singular 3rd person pronoun) | ngaez /ŋæz/ | niz /niz/ > /niz/ | няз (nyaz) /njaz/ |
| *nāny₁a; "many" | nang /naŋ/; nan- (plural prefix) | none /none/ > /nɔnɛ/; none- (plural prefix) | няна (nyana) /nanja/ |
| *gʰeus; "trio" | gʰeus- /gʰews/ (trial prefix) | gus /gus/ > /gus/ (paucal adjective) | gэус (gheus) /ɣews/ "group" |
| *nw₁āky₁a; (derivative suffix) | mac /maç/ | nuke /nuke/ > /nujɛ/ | няка (nyaka) /njaka/ |
Tense Suffixes
| Old Yéshvwae | Krenu | Azaryura-Geruriza (Азарюра-Геруриза) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| *-nw₁iky₁a; (gnomic suffix) | -mic /miç/ | -nuike /nwike/ > /nwijɛ/ | |
| *-kʰol; (future suffix) | -kʰol /kʰol/ | -kol /kol/ > /kɔl/ | хол (hol) /xol/ |
| *-nw₁ey₃ae; (perfect past suffix) | -meyeh /mejə/ | -nui /nwi/ > /nwi/ | нэжа (neja) /neʒa/ |
| *-dʰār; (imperfect past suffix) | -dʰal /dʰal/ | ðяр (dhyar) /ðjaɾ/ | |
| *-gy₁onw₁a; (perfect present tense) | -jom /ʝom/ | -giono /gjono/ > /jɔnɔ/ | гона (gona) /gona/ |
| *-zāe; (imperfect present tense) | -zae /zæ/ | зя (zya) /zja/ |