Leña Aruma
Overview
Leña Aruma is a language spoken primarily in The Kingdom of Gold that is a member of the Nezo-Romance Language Family. Despite this, the language has a wide variety of vocabulary and grammatical cases that came from the Romance language Romanian as well as various Slavic languages due to the historical mixing of humans from those areas on Earth, mostly from Ukraine and Hungary.
Phonology
The phonology is similar to Sanspirite with the addition of /x/.
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Affricate | d͡ʒ (y) | |||||
| Plosive | p, b | t, d | k (c), g | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ (ñ) | |||
| Fricative | f, v | s, z | ʃ (x) | x (h) | ||
| Approximant | (w) | l | w (uo, ou, oe, oi, oa) | |||
| Tap/Trill | r |
Vowels
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u |
| Close-mid | e | o |
| Front | a |
Grammar
The grammar of Leña Aruma consists of a largely SVO word order with three tenses in two different moods, the obligative and subjunctive.
Nouns
Like Sanspirite, Leña Aruma has three grammatical genders: Masculine, Feminine and Neuter. Neuter nouns are generally used for some loan words as well as a gender-neutral profession. However, Leña Aruma still kept noun cases due to the area being visited by Romanians and Slavs from Earth, as well as the original Loquillan language having cases.
Definite Articles
Unlike most other Romance and Nezo-Romance languages, Leña Aruma adds the Definite Article to the end of the word in a similar way to Romanian:
- Masculine: Caino -> Caino-uo
- Feminine: Róca -> Róca-oi
- Neuter: Tegla -> Tegla-oe
Plurality
Plural Nouns are formed by adding -s or -es if the noun ends in s or z.
Cases
| Accusative | Instrumental | |
|---|---|---|
| Feminine | -am | -av |
| Masculine | -om | -ov |
| Neuter | -em | -ev |
Verbs
Obligative is used for facts while subjunctive is used for hypotheticals in a similar way that the English word "can" is used with other verbs.
Obligative Verb Conjugation
| Past | Present | Future | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | -í | -o | -om |
| You | -én | -es | -ar |
| You (Formal) | -éñi | -esi | -ari |
| You (Plural) | -enu | -en | -eni |
| They | -an | -e | -esti |
| We | -(t)oet | -(t)oi | -(t)oa |
Subjunctive Verb Conjugation
| Past | Present | Future | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | -(a)tí | -ot | -omet |
| You | -(a)té | -esti | -aret |
| You (Formal) | -(a)té | -esti | -aret |
| You (Plural) | -(a)té | -enet | -enit |
| They | -(a)tan | -et | -etit |
| We | -(i)toe | -(t)oitu | -(t)oati |